Door and jamb



(No Model.) 4

J. T. PANNING.

DOOR AND JAMB.

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE'.

JOHN T. FANNING, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

DOOR AND JAM B.

PECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,027, dated February22. 1887.

Application filed September 8, 1886. Serial No. 213,016. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN T. FANNING, of Minneapolis, in the county ofHennepin, in the State of Minnesota, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Doors and J ambs, of which thefollowing isaspecilication.

I employ wood for the hearting or main body of the door and of the jamb.YI believe that with the precautions to be described wood may contributeits strength and its non-conducting qualities to the work withoutdefeating, but rather contributing to, the slow-burning qualitiesdesired in buildings. The term slow-burning" is better descriptive ofthe qualities than fire-proof. I esteem it impracticable to makeabsolutely lire-proof buildings.

Vood is cheap, and is easily worked. Properly used,it is durable. Whenexposed to fire, it is very slow to burn or to transmit heat through itto burn other material beyond unless air is admitted in liberalquantities to make and support llame. I defend the wood against theaccess 'of air.

I provide, further, for presenting on the exteriors of my doors andjambs a surface of wood or other ordinary or suitable material, whichmay be easily made to conform to any ordinary style of finish, and willmake the workin all ordinary and extraordinary conditions tasty, and, ifdesired, luxurious. The fireproof or slow-burning casing is eifectuallycovered and concealed. It becomes developed only when the emergencyarises.

Ordinary constructions are either quickburning or unsightly. The metalor other material employed to make the building lireproof orslow-burning is usually left in sight, and such cannot well be made topresent an agreeable and elegant appearance.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, andrepresent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure l is a face view of the lower portion of the door and casing, themiddle of the breadth being removed and the sides drawn inward to showthe construction on a large scale. Fig. 2 is a corresponding horizontalsection.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures where they occur. r

A is the head or main body of a door made of wood, by preference in twolayers,with the grain of one layer crossing that of the other layer andfirmly secured together by nails or screws. I have so represented ltheconstruction of this portion, a being screws of proper length andthickness, extending nearly through both layers and binding them stifflytogether, to serve as one piece of wood.

B B are extended plates of sheet iron or steel, completely covering eachface and strongly secured against warping or other failure, so

long as the wood A remains in tolerable condition. The metal plating Bis preferably held by the same screw-nails,a,which hold the two layersof A together, and I have represented the parts as so fastened.

I attach special importance to the fastening of the parts near theedges. The best work may be produced byl previously punching the holesin the metal B a little small, and then by a suitable tool depressingthe metal conically,sometimes called counter-sinking each hole, to anextent just equal to the heads of the screw-nails to be applied. In verynice work the wood A may be correspondingly countersu nk by a suitabletool before the plates are applied. In cheaper work the conical form ofthe sheet metal may be relied on to sink itself under the strong forceof the screw. Vhen thus equipped, the door is strong andslow burning;but I wish for amore elegant surface, in harmony with theinterior-finish of the room.

G C are thin wood stiles connected by cor-` responding rails, (notshowin) and D D are wood panels engaged with the stiles and rails in theusual manner, so that any shrinking and swelling are allowedwithoutchanging the dimensions of the door. y

I have shown two shapes of the parts. Any other ordinary or suitableforms may be adopted. The door presents on each side the ordinaryfinished appearance of paneled wood doors done in ordinary material.Veneering, moldings, or other surface decoration may be used, if desird.The hinges, locks, bolts, Src., should be strongly secured to thehearting A, so that the door will remain securely in place after a fireon one side or the other has attacked and nearly or quite destroyed thefacing C D exterior to the iron plating B on that side.

The main body of the partition may be of any construction desired. Iprefer a slowburning partition composed of solid wood with eiicientlire-proof material on each face and which is partially represented, Ebeing the wood heart of the partition, e the long nails which fasten itsseveral parts together, each g to the next, and GG being a fire-proof orgood heat-enduring layer of asbestus paper, metalliclathing, and goodplastering and hard nish.

H is a substantial upright timber, constituting the door-frame or partof the partition im mediately adjacent to the door.

A sheet of iron or steel is bent sharply by hand or machinery along theproper lines to closely ft upon this timber H, and also to extend acrossthe small space between said timber and the edge of the door. Iindicates this sheet of metal on one side, and J a corresponding sheetfitted on the opposite side. Certain portions of each will bedesignated. when necessary, by additional marks, as I/ J 85e. Theportion of I which is folded at right angles-to the main part to extendout to the door -is marked I. The portion folded the other way, to liein onefaceof the partition, is marked I. The portion of J correspondingto I2 is marked J2. There may bean edge of J turned outward toward thedoor adjacent to I', but I have not so represented it, and do notbelieve such to be generally necessary. The sheet metal J stops at ornear the line of contact with I. Both sheets I and J are firmly held byscrews which the met-al is countersunk to receive, and which take holdfirmly in H. The metal plating I J is concealed.

Misastop-rail, against which the door shuts.

K K are facing-boards, aud L L are facingboards standing` at rightangles to K. All arc held by nails or other strong fastenings, insertedthrough the metal I or J, as thc case may be, and taking hold of,H.

When the nre obtains sufficient access to either side of the partitionwith a liberal supply of air, the material exterior to the metalplating, notonly of the door, but also of the jamb,will be burned onthatside; but the hearting of the door andjamb, not obtaining` air, willonly char, and the charring will proceed slowly. The board K, which liesdirectly against the edge of the door, will got but littleair, and willburn Very slowly. It will be mainly charring,

if the work lits tightly; but there is an obvious liability to a strongdraft of air through any looseness of it, which is liable to occurbetween the door and jamb. Under any ordinary conditions the turned-outportion I of the sheet metal I is of great service in checkingtheprogress of the fire through this usually undefended orbody-appearing part of the building. I secure a good defence againstire,whle presenting the usual appearance of a wood jamb.

Modiications may be made in the forms and proportions without departingfrom the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. Theplate J may extend a considerable distance under I. The plates I and Jmay extend farther, or may connect with other plates, which shall ineffect be extensions in the faces of the partitions. Other means than.screws may be used to fasten the parts. The security against nrc may bemade less complete on one side, according as the liability to tire, orthe seriousness of the consequences, may be anticipated. Thus a doorleading froma main building into a vestibule or an uuimportant extensionmaybe strongly defended against the progress of fire into the mainbuilding, and less defended or not at all against the progress of lireout of the main building.

I do not in this patent claim the dre-proof walls, such being made thesubject of a separate application for patent, filed September 9, 1886,Serial No. 213,099. I do not claim anything shown in the patent of June26,1877,No. 192,400, or in the patent of April 29, 1884, No. 297,730.

I claim as my invention- 1. The slow -burning door and jamb described,composed of a hearting ofwood, a concealed plating of metal over thehearting, and an ornamental surface of wood or analogous material overthe plating, combined and arranged to serve as herein specified.

2. A door andjainb of wood, two coverings ofsheet metal, one on eachface of the main wood part, and two exterior facings of wood oranalogous material, giving an ornamental nisb to each side, arranged topresent a tasty appearance and resist rire in either direction, asherein specied.

3. In a slow-burning construction for buildings, the sheet metal I,extending across a space between a slow-burning` door, as A B C I), anda slow-burning jamb and partition, as H I J, in combination with suchdoor and jamb, and with the facing-boards K K, and arranged to servetherewith, as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Minneapolis, Stateof Minnesota, this 26th day of August, 1886, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN T. FANNING.

XVitncsses:

RENNIE B. FANNING, EDWIN A. KIMBALL.

IIC

